Cement Americas

SPR 2013

Cement Americas provides comprehensive coverage of the North and South American cement markets from raw material extraction to delivery and tranportation to end user.

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CEMENTSCOPE Mineral Commodity Summaries 2013 The following is the cement report that appeared in the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Commodity Summaries 2013 publication. Data in thousand metric tons unless otherwise noted. Domestic Production and Use: About 71 million tons of portland cement and 2.0 million tons of masonry cement were produced in 2012; the output was from 98 plants in 35 states. Cement also was produced at two plants in Puerto Rico. Production continued to be very low compared with levels in 2002–2007, which exceeded 90 million tpy, and reflected recent plant idlings and closures and idlings of spare kilns at active plants. Tariff: Item Cement clinker White portland cement Other portland cement Aluminous cement 2523.10.0000 2523.21.0000 2523.29.0000 2523.30.0000 Normal Trade Relations 12–31–12 Free Free Free Free Depletion Allowance: Not applicable. Certain raw materials for cement production have depletion allowances. Although somewhat higher than levels in 2009–2011, sales volumes in 2012 were still nearly 51 million tons less than the record level in 2005. The overall value of sales was about $7.5 billion. Most of the cement was used to make concrete, worth at least $41 billion. About 70 percent of cement sales went to ready-mixed concrete producers, 11 percent to concrete product manufacturers, 9 percent to contractors (mainly road paving), 4 percent to oil and gas well drillers, and 3 percent each to building materials dealers and other users. Texas, Missouri, California, Michigan and Florida were, in descending order, the five leading cement-producing states and accounted for about one-half of U.S. production. Government Stockpile: None. Events, Trends, and Issues: Cement sales improved modestly in 2012 owing to higher spending levels for new residential construction and for nonresidential buildings. Except for slightly higher levels of spending for roads, spending for public sector construction remained below the already low levels of 2011. High numbers of home foreclosures, high levels of unemployment, reduced tax revenues to the states, and tight credit continued to constrain spending levels in all construction sectors. Nevertheless, higher cement sales volumes allowed for a significant increase in cement imports and in cement production; the latter, however, remained well below capacity output at almost all plants. Recycling: Cement kiln dust is routinely recycled to the kilns, which also can burn a variety of waste fuels and recycled raw materials such as slags and fly ash. Various secondary materials can be incorporated as supplementary cementitious materials in blended cements and in the cement paste in concrete. Cement is not directly recycled, but there is significant recycling of concrete for use as aggregate. Most multi-kiln plants continued to operate only one kiln in 2012. One idle plant was formally closed in 2011, and at least one other plant that was idle in 2011 was formally closed in 2012. In addition, one plant that was active in 2011 closed in 2012. No new cement plants opened in 2012. Antidumping remedies were sought by one Texas cement producer against cement imports from Greece and the Republic of Korea. Import Sources (2008–2011): Canada, 45 percent; Republic of Korea, 15 percent; China, 12 percent; Mexico, 7 percent; and other, 21 percent. Salient Statistics—United States: Production: Portland and masonry cement Clinker Shipments to final customers, includes exports Imports of hydraulic cement for consumption Imports of clinker for consumption Exports of hydraulic cement and clinker Consumption, apparent Price, average mill value, dollars per ton Stocks, cement, yearend Employment, mine and mill, number Net import reliance as a percentage of apparent consumption Number 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 86,310 78,382 97,322 10,744 621 823 96,800 103.50 8,360 15,000 11 63,929 56,116 71,489 6,211 556 884 71,500 99.00 6,080 13,000 8 66,447 59,802 71,169 6,013 613 1,178 71,200 92.00 6,170 12,000 8 67,895 61,241 73,402 5,812 606 1,414 72,200 89.50 6,270 11,500 7 73,000 66,500 79,100 6,200 750 1,800 79,100 95.00 4,200 10,500 7 www.cementamericas.com • Spring 2013 • CEMENT AMERICAS 3

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